Module math

Mathematical Functions.

This library is an interface to the standard C math library. It provides all its functions inside the table math.

Type math

math.abs(x)

Returns the absolute value of x.

math.acos(x)

Returns the arc cosine of x (in radians).

math.asin(x)

Returns the arc sine of x (in radians).

math.atan(x)

Returns the arc tangent of x (in radians).

math.atan2(y, x)

Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians), but uses the signs of both parameters to find the quadrant of the result.

math.ceil(x)

Returns the smallest integer larger than or equal to x.

math.cos(x)

Returns the cosine of x (assumed to be in radians).

math.cosh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.

math.deg(x)

Returns the angle x (given in radians) in degrees.

math.exp(x)

Returns the value e^x.

math.floor(x)

Returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to x.

math.fmod(x, y)

Returns the remainder of the division of x by y that rounds the quotient towards zero.

math.frexp(x)

Returns m and e such that x = m2^e, e is an integer and the absolute value of m is in the range [0.5, 1) (or zero when x is zero).

math.huge

The value HUGE_VAL, a value larger than or equal to any other numerical value.

math.ldexp(m, e)

Returns m2^e (e should be an integer).

math.log(x)

Returns the natural logarithm of x.

math.log10(x)

Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.

math.max(x)

Returns the maximum value among its arguments.

math.min(x)

Returns the minimum value among its arguments.

math.modf(x)

Returns two numbers, the integral part of x and the fractional part of x.

math.pi

The value of pi.

math.pow(x, y)

Returns x^y.

math.rad(x)

Returns the angle x (given in degrees) in radians.

math.random(m, n)

This function is an interface to the simple pseudo-random generator function rand provided by ANSI C.

math.randomseed(x)

Sets x as the "seed" for the pseudo-random generator: equal seeds produce equal sequences of numbers.

math.sin(x)

Returns the sine of x (assumed to be in radians).

math.sinh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.

math.sqrt(x)

Returns the square root of x.

math.tan(x)

Returns the tangent of x (assumed to be in radians).

math.tanh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.

Type math

Field(s)

math.abs(x)

Returns the absolute value of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.acos(x)

Returns the arc cosine of x (in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.asin(x)

Returns the arc sine of x (in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.atan(x)

Returns the arc tangent of x (in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.atan2(y, x)

Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians), but uses the signs of both parameters to find the quadrant of the result.

(It also handles correctly the case of x being zero.)

Parameters

  • #number y :

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.ceil(x)

Returns the smallest integer larger than or equal to x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.cos(x)

Returns the cosine of x (assumed to be in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.cosh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.deg(x)

Returns the angle x (given in radians) in degrees.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.exp(x)

Returns the value e^x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.floor(x)

Returns the largest integer smaller than or equal to x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.fmod(x, y)

Returns the remainder of the division of x by y that rounds the quotient towards zero.

Parameters

  • #number x :

  • #number y :

Return value

#number:

math.frexp(x)

Returns m and e such that x = m2^e, e is an integer and the absolute value of m is in the range [0.5, 1) (or zero when x is zero).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

#number math.huge

The value HUGE_VAL, a value larger than or equal to any other numerical value.

math.ldexp(m, e)

Returns m2^e (e should be an integer).

Parameters

  • #number m :

  • #number e :

Return value

#number:

math.log(x)

Returns the natural logarithm of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.log10(x)

Returns the base-10 logarithm of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.max(x)

Returns the maximum value among its arguments.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.min(x)

Returns the minimum value among its arguments.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.modf(x)

Returns two numbers, the integral part of x and the fractional part of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

#number math.pi

The value of pi.

math.pow(x, y)

Returns x^y.

(You can also use the expression x^y to compute this value.)

Parameters

  • #number x :

  • #number y :

Return value

#number:

math.rad(x)

Returns the angle x (given in degrees) in radians.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.random(m, n)

This function is an interface to the simple pseudo-random generator function rand provided by ANSI C.

(No guarantees can be given for its statistical properties.)

When called without arguments, returns a uniform pseudo-random real number in the range [0,1). When called with an integer number m, math.random returns a uniform pseudo-random integer in the range [1, m]. When called with two integer numbers m and n, math.random returns a uniform pseudo-random integer in the range [m, n].

Parameters

  • #number m :

  • #number n :

Return value

#number:

math.randomseed(x)

Sets x as the "seed" for the pseudo-random generator: equal seeds produce equal sequences of numbers.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.sin(x)

Returns the sine of x (assumed to be in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.sinh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic sine of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.sqrt(x)

Returns the square root of x.

(You can also use the expression x^0.5 to compute this value.)

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.tan(x)

Returns the tangent of x (assumed to be in radians).

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number:

math.tanh(x)

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.

Parameter

  • #number x :

Return value

#number: